To compare the content of the effective components in the mixture of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction and single ingredient mixture. Methods:The gradient elution was carried out by using high performance liquid chromatography with acetonitrile phosphoric acid aqueous solution as mobile phase. The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the detection wave length was 238 nm. Quantitative analysis of changes in the content of two kinds of solution of known active ingredients loganin, paeonol, gallic acid, and paeoniflorin. Results:The 3 batch of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction, loganin, paeonol, gallic acid, and paeoniflorin content was significantly higher than that of the single component content of the same batch of granules in a mixed solution, respectively, for the 3 batch of single granule 1.45, 1.36, 1.43 times. Conclusion The traditional Chinese medicine Liuwei Dihuang Decoction mixture of single ingredient is lower than the effective ingredient content of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction, with significant differences. This study provides a scientific basis for the clinical application of traditional Chinese medicine decoction and single granule.