To explore the effects of Puerarin on oxidative stress and hemorheology of patients with diabetes mellitus combined with carotid atherosclerosis.Methods:A total of 114 cases of diabetes mellitus combined with carotid atherosclerosis patients in Beijing Hospital Traditional Chinese Medicine Shunyi Hospital from October 2015 to February 2017 were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group with 57 cases in each group.The control group was treated with insulin and glibenclamide,and the patient's diet was controlled while observation group was treated with puerarin on the basic of control group.And 2 groups were treated for 1 month continuously.The clinical efficacy of 2 groups was recorded by statistic.The oxidative stress indexes,endothelin level and hemorheology in 2 groups before and after treatment were compared.Results:The total effective rate was 92.98% in the observation group,which was significantly higher than 84.21% in the control group (P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the indexes of oxidative stress and hemorheology before and after treatment in the control group (P>0.05).The result of the comparison with before treatment showed that the levels of serum SOD,NO in observation group after treatment increased significantly,the MDA and ET-1 levels decreased significantly and there were significant differences between 2 groups (P<0.05 or P<0.01).Compared with before treatment,the high blood viscosity,low shear viscosity,plasma viscosity,red cell aggregation index in observation group after treatment decreased significantly,and these data of observation group were significantly lower than the data of control group (P<0.01).Conclusion:Puerarin in the treatment of diabetes mellitus combined with carotid atherosclerosis can significantly relief the oxidative stress abnormal state of patients and reduce the levels of lipid peroxidation product MDA and improve the hemorheology,which will in turn inhibit the carotid atherosclerosis,improve clinical efficacy.