To study the therapeutic effects of acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training on neurological function NSE，H2S，NGF and cerebrovascular dynamics in stroke patients with upper limb dysfunction. Methods:In this cohort study，from May 2016 to October 2017，a total of 198 stroke patients with upper limb dysfunction admitted in Tangdu Hospital，The Fourth Military Medical University were randomly divided into two groups in our hospital:100 patients who were treated with acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training were included in the study group，and 98 patients who were treated with rehabilitation training alone were included in the control group. The results of NSE，H2S，NGF，cerebrovascular dynamics and the other results were compared and analyzed before and after treatment in two groups. Results:(1) Neurological function index:in the study group after treatment，NSE was（12.36±6.35）μg/L，H2S was（52.19±3.77）μmol/L，NGF was (152.94±32.67) pg/mL. In the control group after treatment，NSE was (16.28±7.45) μg/L，H2S was (36.67±6.95) μmol/L，NGF was (129.81±33.02) pg/mL. (2) Cerebrovascular dynamics index:in the study group after treatment，Vmean was （26.45±3.79）cm/s，Qmean was（18.52±3.32）cm3/s，RV was（82.37±22.39）kPa·s/m，DP was（0.45±0.08）kPa·s/m，DR was（32.36±10.08）kPa. In the control group after treatment，Vmean was (19.86±3.73)cm/s，Qmean was（14.79±2.72）cm3/s，RV was（95.31±30.45）kPa·s/m，DP was（0.63±0.14）kPa·s/m，DR was (42.37±9.67) kPa. (3) In the study group before the treatment，FMA score was (38.41±7.52)，FMA score was (54.61±5.34) after the treatment，the improvement was (16.22±6.46). MBI index before the treatment was (36.75±6.87)，after the treatment was (60.33±12.73)，the improvement was (23.58±9.34). They were significantly better than the control group. (4) The scores of TCM symptoms in the study group was (16.52±0.68) before treatment and was (4.60±0.22) after treatment. The score of TCM symptom in the study group was (16.95±0.83) before treatment and was (8.72±0.27) after treatment. Conclusion:The acupuncture combined with rehabilitation training can effectively help the recovery of nerve function in stroke patients with upper limb dysfunction，accelerate the blood flow velocity of cerebral vessels，reduce pressure and resistance，and recover the function of upper limbs and hands. And the abilities of daily activities can be recovered.