To study the HPLC fingerprint of Fructus Xanthii,and to evaluate the quality of Fructus Xanthii from different habitats and batches,and to provide a reference for the formulation of the overall quality standard of Xanthium herbs.Methods:A total of 10 batches of Fructus Xanthii were determined by high performance liquid chromatography,and the data were analyzed by the similarity calculation software of the National Pharmacopoeia Committee of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (CTP),and the common pattern of the fingerprint of Fructus Xanthii was established.Results:A total of 16 fingerprint peaks were identified,and a common fingerprint pattern of Fructus Xanthii was established.The contents of four main components in Xanthium sibiricum from different habitats were determined.Conclusion:The method is stable and reproducible,and the established fingerprint can be used for quality evaluation and quality control of Fructus Xanthii.