To observe the improve effects of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Yixiao Decoction on learning，memory behavior of the KKAy mice.Methods:A total of 24 male KKAy mice were randomly divided into model group and TCM group.A total of 12 male C57BL/6J mice were normal group.The mice of different groups were treated with relevant medicinal respectively by intragastrical method，as the TCM group were fed with Yixiao Decoction.The model group and normal group were fed with distilled water.All groups of mice were performed Morris water maze behavior test respectively when the finish of gavage for 4 and 8 weeks.The Morris water maze's tracking and analytic system of the experiential animal trace was adopted to record the escape latency，the swimming trajectory of the space exploration test，times across the platform and initial angle，etc.Results:Compared with the normal group，the escape latency of the model group was obviously increased at 4 and 8 weeks after intragastric administration (P<0.05＝.And the Chinese medicine group was shorter than that of the model group on the 4th and 5th day after 8 weeks of gastric administration (P<0.05＝.In the space exploration test，the percentage of time in target quadrant and the crossing times of model group decreased after 8 weeks in contrast with 4 weeks.The difference between the model group and normal group，traditional Chinese medicine group was increased and the initial angle was significantly increased compared with normal group (P<0.05＝.The results showed that Yixiao Decoction could shorten the escape latency of diabetic mice，increase the number of times of traversing the original platform and swimming time in the target quadrant.Conclusion:Yixiao Decoction has the effects of delaying the occurrence of cognitive impairment in diabetic mice and improving their learning and memory behavior.