To build the Painful Diabetic Neuropathy (PDN) model by intraperitoneal injection of Streptozocin (STZ)，to discuss treatment mechanism of PDN by electric acupuncture (EA) and provide theoretical basis for clinical promotion.Methods:The PDN group was intraperitoneal injected STZ to build PDN model for observing behavior reaction of each groups and general state，blood glucose and pain threshold of all rats.Before death，peripheral blood perfusion was measured.After death，expression of receptor expression of Sciatic Nerve growth factor (NGF) was detected by immunohistochemistry.Moreover，it was to investigate the mechanism of electroacupuncture in the treatment of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy in rats.Results:After building model，blood glucose of model group is increased significantly，pain threshold was declined gradually.After treatment of EA，blood glucose was not significant changed，and pain threshold was rising after treatment for 4 weeks.8-week-treatment pain threshold was rising more than 4-weeks-treatment group.Conclusion:The treatment of EA can improve the pain threshold of PDN model rats for increasing the peripheral blood perfusion and microcirculation，can improve the expression of NGF receptors in the sciatic nerve of the PDN model rats for repairing the injured sciatic nerve，can improve the Sciatic pathological morphology and ultrastructure of PDN model rats for protecting the nerves.