To investigate the effects of mild moxibustion on curative efficacy cold dampness blockage type rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and on clinical immune index. Methods:A total of 176 cold dampness blockage type rheumatoid arthritis patients treated in Chengdu Xindu District People's Hospital from December 2014 to November 2016 were selected and divided into the control group and the observation group according to the order with 88 cases in each group. The control group received conventional western medicine treatment, and the study group was treated with mild moxibustion on the basis of the same treatment in the control group. After 3 months treatment, the clinical efficacy, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C reactive protein (CRP), rheumatoid factor (RF), immunoglobulin G (IgG), immunoglobulin G (IgA), immunoglobulin G (IgM) and the effects of complement C3, C4 content of immune index and TCM symptom score and adverse reaction of different treatments were compared. Results:The clinical cure rate and total clinical efficacy in the control group were 15.91% and 78.41%. The clinical cure rate and total clinical efficacy in the observation were 23.86% and 89.77%. The study group was superior to the control group (P<0.05). Before the treatment, there was no significant difference among the immune indicators including the levels of ESR, CRP, RF, IgA, IgG, IgM, C3, C4 between the 2 groups (P>0.05). After 3 months of treatment, there was significant difference in the above indexes of the 2 groups before and after treatment (P<0.05). Compared with before treatment, the above indexes of the observation group were superior to those of the control group (P<0.05). Before the treatment, the difference of the symptom scores such as rest pain, morning stiffness duration and the swelling index, HAQ index, DAS28 score in the 2 groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05). After 3 months of treatment, compared with before treatment, the scores of the 2 groups were significantly decreased, and there was significant difference (P<0.05). After 3 months of treatment, the above scores in the study group were superior to those of the control group (P<0.05). The incidence rates of adverse reactions, such as abdominal pain and diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, chills, fatigue, allergic rash, alopecia, oral ulcer in the control group were 17.05%, 23.86%, 9.09%, 25%, 5.68%, 12.5%, and the above incidence rate in the observation group were 10.23%, 13.64%, 6.82%, 11.36%, 3.41%, 3.41%. The incidence rates of diarrhea, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain allergic rash, oral ulcer in the observation group was significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion:Mild moxibustion can improve the immune function against arthritis with cold dampness blockage syndrome, rheumatoid improve symptoms and the curative efficacy, which also has less adverse reactions.