To observe the therapeutic effects of Tianma Gouteng Decoction on spontaneously hypertensive rats and its effects on the oxidative stress of vascular wall. Methods:A total of 100 SD rats were randomly divided into the sham operation group(10 rats)，model group and traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)group(90 rats). The rats in the model group and TCM group were fed with high salt diet to induce hypertensive model. Finally，30 successful SD rats were included in the study，that is，model group，high dose group and low dose group with 10 rats in each group. Rats of TCM group were given Tianma Gouteng Decoction(1.32 Kg/mL)and Tianma Gouteng Decoction(0.33 Kg/mL)once a day for 10 days. The changes of blood pressure，pathological changes of thoracic aorta，levels of nitric oxide(NO)，endothelin-1(ET-1)and von Willebrand factor(vWF)in peripheral blood of rats in each group were compared after treatment. The level of cell oxidative stress in thoracic aorta wall of each group was detected. Results:1)After the intervention，the blood pressure level of rats in the TCM group was lower than that of the model group. The systolic blood pressure of rats in the Tianma Gouteng Decoction group decreased significantly with the increase of the dosage. The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05); 2)HE staining showed that：compared with the sham operation group the thoracic aorta of rats in the model group and the TCM group appeared different impaired physiology. The structure，thickness and intimal integrity of the TCM group were better than those of the model group. The degree of improvement in the high dose group was higher than that of the low dose group. 3)Compared with the model group，ET-1 and vWF in peripheral blood of rats in TCM group decreased，while NO concentration was up-regulated. The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). With the increase of Tianma Gouteng Decoction dosage，the previous indexes of rats were improved more significantly. The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). 4)Compared with the model group，the ROS of thoracic aorta of rats in the TCM group decreased significantly. The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). The trend of ROS in the high-dose group was the most obvious(P<0.05). The difference was statistically significant. Conclusion:Tianma Gouteng Decoction can effectively treat hypertension，inhibit arterial oxidative stress as well as improve vascular remodeling of hypertension.