The promotion and development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) tumor treatment encounters bottlenecks，and the existing evaluation criteria for efficacy cannot meet the needs of TCM development.It is imperative to establish a therapeutic evaluation system to adapt to the development of TCM cancer treatment.On the basis of clinical and basic research evidence，integrating multi-disciplinary，the ideas and problems in the construction of TCM malignant tumor efficacy evaluation system was discussed to establish a more comprehensive and objective evaluation system that can demonstrate the characteristics and advantages of TCM treatment of malignant tumors.