To study the effects of volatile oil of Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong on behavior,brain dopamine and norepinephrine in rats with depression.Methods：A total of 72 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a blank group,a model group,a positive drug group,and a low,medium and high dose group of volatile oil from Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong.The CUMS depression model was established by stress test.After treatment,the behavioral changes were examined,and the contents of DA and NE in brain tissue were detected by LC-MS/MS.Results：Compared with the model group,each dose of volatile oil of Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong could improve the level of sputum test and the percentage of sucrose preference in the CUMS depression model rats,reduce the resting time of forced swimming and increase the body weight of rats.The medium group could significantly increase the content of DA in hippocampus of CUMS depression model rats(P<0.01).The low and high doses of Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong volatile oil could significantly increase the content of DA in hippocampus of CUMS depression model rats(P<0.05).The medium and high dose group could significantly increase the content of striatum NE in CUMS depression model rats(P<0.01).The high and medium doses of Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong volatile oil can significantly increase the content of prefrontal and striatum NE in CUMS depression model rats(P<0.05).Conclusion：The volatile oil of Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong can improve the open field test score and the percentage of sugar water preference in CUMS depression model rats,reduce the static immobility time and increase the body weight of rats,and significantly increase the DA content,prefrontal lobe and the content of striatum NE in hippocampus of CUMS depression model rats,which showed that the antidepressant effect of volatile oil of Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong may be related to the increase of NE content in prefrontal cortex and striatum and DA content in hippocampus.