This paper collated and systematically analyzed the present published pre-Qin and Han dynasties unearth literature related to “blood”，using Inner Canon of Huangdi and other transmitted literature from pre-Qin dynasties，in order to draw an outline of the Chinese medicine understanding of “blood” in this period.These texts have been categorized by the relationship between blood and life，blood and qi and related issues，transformation of blood and related taboos，illnesses and treatment.The results showed that：1)understanding of blood starts from life.2)blood and qi is closed related，and blood qi appears more than qi blood in the present unearthed literature.3)blood can transform physiologically and pathologically.4)in pre-Qin and Han period，there were many blood-related illnesses and taboos，the latter had become a source of acupuncture taboo.People's understanding of blood at that time included both physical and cultural aspects，and the two aspects were relatively independent，but intertwined，and interacted with each other.