To observe the clinical effect of benefiting kidney and regulating qi Chinese medicine compound on depression of kidney deficiency and liver stagnation type.Methods：A total of 216 patients with depression with kidney deficiency and liver stagnation syndrome were enrolled in 5 top-three hospitals and 1 psychiatric hospital from January 2008 to December 2010.A multicenter,randomized,controlled study was conducted.The observation group was treated with benefiting kidney and regulating qi method “Yinao Jieyu Decoction”,and the control group was treated with fluoxetine hydrochloride for 6 weeks.The HAMD Depression Scale and TCM Syndrome Scale Efficacy Evaluation Study was carried out to verify the efficacy of Chinese medicine of benefiting kidney and regulating qi.Results：A total of 216 patients were enrolled in the study,11 were lost,4 were excluded,and 201 patients completed the clinical trial.The statistical results showed that： 1)the effective rate of the observation group was 90% at 6 weeks,and that of the western medicine group was 77%. 2)the onset time of Chinese medicine was significantly faster than that of the western medicine fluoxetine group,and it began to take effect in 7 days,reaching to 63.6% until the 2nd week,while the western medicine fluoxetine group had an effective rate of only 18.9% at 2 weeks. 3)The observation group did not show side effects of dizziness,insomnia,gastrointestinal reactions,suicidal behavior and liver and kidney damage.Conclusion：Benefiting kidney and regulating qi Chinese medicine Yinao Jieyu Decoction has a positive effect on kidney deficiency and liver stagnation syndrome depression,and has the advantages of quick onset,good curative effect and small side effects.