To investigate the action mechanism of the NALP6 signal transduction pathway involved in gout arthritis(GA).Methods:The lentiviral transfection technology was used to interfere the expression of NALP6 gene and the expression of NALP6，caspase-1，IL-1β and NF-κB was detected by using Elisa，Western Blot and RT-PCR technology.Results:Interfering the expression of the NALP6 genes could reduce the expression levels of NALP6 protein and RNA and NF-κB protein，the activity of caspase-1 and the content of IL-1β in fibroblast-like synoviocytes.Conclusion:1）The study confirmed that the NALP6 signal transduction pathway is involved in the pathogenesis process of GA in rats and revealed that the inflammatory signal of “NALP6-caspase-1-IL-1β” and the cycle pathway of inflammatory cascade between IL-1β and NF-κB play an important role in the process of gouty arthritis.2）The method of interfering the genes expression of NALP6 by lentiviral transfection technology can protect the inflammation injury of fibroblast-like synoviocytes.3）Regarding NALP6 as a target may provide a new idea for clinical prevention and treatment of gouty arthritis.