To evaluate the cytotoxicity of the water extract and p-hydroxybenzyl hydrogen sulfite in sulfur-fumigated Gastrodia Rhizoma.Methods:The CCK-8 test method was used to investigate the growth of human renal cortical proximal tubular epithelial cells，human normal hepatocytes and rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells at different doses of sulfur-fumigated markers and water extracts for Gastrodia Rhizoma.And the vitality and cytotoxicity ratings based on relative proliferation rates was also evaluated.Results:The p-hydroxybenzyl hydrogen sulfite had a good promoting effect on the growth of both human cells，and the toxicity of the United States Pharmacopoeia was used to obtain the marker for rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells.The safe dose range was from 0 to 1000 μmol/L.In addition，it was found that the water extract of sulfur-fumigated Gastrodia Rhizoma had little effect on the cell viability of normal human cells，and there was no significant difference(P>0.05)before and after of sulfur-fumigating Gastrodia Rhizoma，and the safe dose range of the marker on rat adrenal pheochromocytoma cells was 0～2.5 μg/mL.Conclusion:In the normal concentration range，the p-hydroxybenzyl hydrogen sulfite and water extract of sulfur-fumigated Gastrodia Rhizoma were not cytotoxic，and had little effect on cell viability.