From December 2019,the rapidly spread of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 has become a severe threat to human health.In the face of suddenly public health problems,based on the theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine plague theory,this paper analyze and summarize many related findings.The cause of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia is “wet toxin”,which is extremely contagious and concealed,and there are asymptomatic infectious persons.The population is generally susceptible to it,and also has characteristic of human-to-human infectivity.Besides,clinical symptoms are atypical and it is difficult to predict the disease progression.The aspects of prevention and treatment also reflect the principles of the three-cause measures,reinforcement and elimination in combination,and treatment according to syndrome differentiation.The paper explored how to use the TCM plague theory to analyze emerging infectious diseases with a view to perfecting preventions and control solutions.This is of theoretical and practical significance for the effective use of classical plague theory of traditional Chinese medicine in the future to deal with other public health infectious diseases that may erupt again.