To observe the effects of matrine on the biological characteristics of SCID mice model with acute myeloid leukemia.Methods:A total of 40 mice were randomly divided into a blank group(n=10)and a model group(n=30).The acute myeloid leukemia model was established by intraperitoneal injection of logarithmic HL-60 cells in the model group.4 weeks later，27 mice in the model group were randomly divided into a model group，a matrine A group and a matrine B group，with 9 mice in each group.The rats in group A and B were given 10 mL/kg and 5 mL/kg respectively by gavage，and the rats in the blank group for 4 weeks and model group were given the same volume of normal saline by gavage for 4 weeks.The survival time，body weight，the changes of peripheral blood routine，the level of homologous phosphatase-tensin(PTEN)，the growth of leukemic cell HL-60 and the level of related indexes of Th1/Th2 cells were compared in each group.Results:Matrine could significantly prolong the survival time of SCID mice，decrease the number of leukocytes，lymphocytes，HL-60 cells and the levels of IL-4 and IL-10 in peripheral blood，and increase the levels of PTEN，IFN-γ，IL-2 and G0/G1 cells in the model group.Conclusion:Matrine has obvious inhibitory effects on acute myeloid leukemia HL-60 cell line in a dose-dependent manner，and the curative effects are dependent on dose to some degree.Its mechanism may be related to the enhancement of PTEN protein and regulation of Th1/Th2 cell balance.