To develop an HPLC method for the determination of adenosine in Dongxia Chongcao Capsules and provide a basis for improving the quality standards of the preparation. Methods:HPLC was used and the analytical column was Hibar-C18 (4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm). The mobile phase was phosphate buffer pH6.5-methanol (85:15). The detection wavelength was 260 nm. The column temperature was 30 ℃. The flow was 1.0 mL/min. The injection volume is 10 μl. Results:Adenosine had a good linear relationship (R2=0.999 4) in the 0.032 7～0.163 5 μg range,and the sample recovery was 99.8%～101.5%. The average contents of adenosine in 3 batch slices of Chinese caterpillar fungus Capsules was 0.91 mg,0.92 mg,0.93 mg. The relative standard deviations (RSD) were 0.44%,1.15%,and 2.06%,respectively. Conclusion:The contents of adenosine in the 3 batches of Dongxia Chongcao Capsules are analogical. This method is simple,accurate and available for the quality control of Dongxia Chongcao Capsules. The 3 batches of Dongxia Chongcao Capsules have similar adenosine content and reliable quality,which can be used for clinical treatment.