To predict the effective components，action targets and potential mechanisms of compound lithospermum oil in the treatment of perianal eczema by network pharmacology.Methods:The effective ingredients and targets of compound oleum lithospermi were screened out by searching Pharmacology Platform of Traditional Chinese Medicine System(TCMSP)and Chinese Medicine Comprehensive Database(TCMID).Human gene information database(GeneCards)was used to select the disease therapeutic targets of perianal eczema.R language was used to run the script to obtain the target of the drug and the disease; Cytoscape software was used to construct the drug-active ingredient-action target-disease interaction network to explore the key active ingredients and targets; the STRING platform was used to build the protein interaction network(PPI)for visual analysis; Bioconductor bioinformatics software package was used for GO function enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway analysis.Results:After screening，a total of 45 drug active ingredients and 409 corresponding targets were obtained.189 disease-related targets were obtained，of which 14 were common targets for drugs and diseases.After enrichment analysis，31 GO functional entries and 73 KEGG signal pathways were obtained.Conclusion:Compound oleum lithospermi in the treatment of perianal eczema may be through the action of IL-6，MMP9，CXCL8，ICAM1，STAT3 and other proteins，resulting in the biological process of cytokine receptor binding，cytokine activity and nuclear receptor activity.These targets mainly concentrated in multiple signaling pathways such as African trypanosomiasis、Hepatitis B、AGE-RAGE，which play key roles of anti-inflammatory and repair barrier.