To observe the expression changes of irregular chemokine (Fractalkine，FKN) in the acute phase of ischemic injury of rat cerebral infarction by Qingkailing Injection，and to explore the possible mechanism of Qingkailing Injection in the treatment of acute cerebral ischemia.Methods:A rat model of permanent middle cerebral artery infarction (MCAO) was prepared by suture method and randomly divided into a sham operation group，a model group，and a Qingkailing Injection treatment group.TTC staining was used to observe the changes in infarct volume of rat brain tissue before and after treatment.Protein chip，ELISA and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression level of FKN in cerebrospinal fluid，peripheral serum and brain tissue.Results:TTC staining of brain tissue showed that there were obvious infarcts in the model group，and the infarct volume in the Qingkailing treatment group was significantly reduced.Compared with the model group，the Qingkailing treatment group significantly down-regulated the FKN of the diseased local brain tissue (P<0.05)，and significantly increased the FKN in the serum (P<0.05).It was observed that it could up-regulate the cerebrospinal fluid and the whole brain FKN.But the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05).Conclusion:Qingkailing Injection can reduce the volume of cerebral infarction and reduce acute cerebral ischemic injury.The mechanism may be related to the regulation of FKN expression.