Based on the clinical effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction on abdominal pain of Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) patients and the work basis of inhibiting autophagy related proteins (GPR78,Beclin1), combined with the research progress that Cajal interstitial cells (ICC) over autophagy will cause smooth muscle contraction disorder and further lead to SOD research development, to explore the molecular pharmacological mechanism of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction on regulating the level of ICC autophagy and treating SOD. Firstly, the SOD model of guinea pig was duplicated, and the effects of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction on Oddi sphincter pressure and ICC autophagy level was observed; secondly, morphine stimulation induced SOD model in vitro, and the effects of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction on Oddi sphincter contraction curve and autophagy signal pathway of Oddi was observed; finally, we isolated the primary ICC, constructed the silencing or overexpression vector of IRE1 gene, and stimulated ICC by tunicamycin to establish the endoplasmic reticulum stress model, and incubated with different concentrations of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction to observe the changes of endoplasmic reticulum stress level and autophagy signal pathway in ICC. We verified the scientific hypothesis that Shaoyao Gancao Decoction can inhibit IRE1 / Beclin1 signal pathway, reduce excessive autophagy caused by ICC endoplasmic reticulum stress, so as to improve the relaxation effect of SOD smooth muscle, which will lay a solid foundation for the theoretical research of TCM regulating biliary dynamics.