To compare the curative effect(improvement rate)of patients with osteoarthritis with or without cervus and cucumis polypeptide injection(CCPI).Methods:The study extracted data from the information management systems(hospital information system，HIS)of grade ⅢA hospital across the country.A total of 22,855 patients with osteoarthritis were collected.A total of 3 071 patients were treated by CCPI as the experimental group while patients of the same number who did not use CCPI were assigned to the control group.The propensity score method was used to balance the confounding factors，and the 3 logistic regression methods were used to judge whether there was statistical difference.Results:The effect difference between the groups was statistically significant(P<0.05)when the confounding factors were not controlled.The result showed that the regression coefficient was greater than zero and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05)through the 3 logistic regression analyses.Conclusion:The clinical effect of patients with arthritis who used CCPI is better than that of the patients who did not receive CCPI.However，considering the retrospective study may be a large number of unknown confounding factors，and the result remain to be confirmed through prospective studies.