To make a retrospective analysis and summary on the efficacy of Jianpi Shengxue Tablet in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia.Methods:A total of 200 patients with iron deficiency anemia who were admitted to Tongzhou Branch of Dongzhimen Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine from 1 January 2017 to 30 October 2020 were selected as the research objects.All these patients were given treatment with Jianpi Shengxue Tablet for the first time.Results of blood routine examination,serum iron concentration,total iron binding capacity and ferritin were compared before and after treatment at different dates.Subjective symptoms and adverse reactions were also described.Jianpi Shengxue Tablet was given orally after meals,3 tablets each time,3 times a day.Results:Hemoglobin level was 83.58±15.81 g/L(M±SD,n＝200)before treatment,and 103.40±12.60 g/L(n＝74)after 2 week's treatment,with a 24.3% increase(P=0.0047).Hemoglobin concentration was 111.9±19.4 g/L(n＝47)at 4th week after treatment,which was near normality; 126.0±9.49 g/L(n＝30)at 6th week with complete normality and 130.7±7.95 g/L(n＝23)at 8th week.MCV,MCH and MCHC increased gradually after treatment.Serum total iron biding capacity decreased,serum iron and ferritin increased gradually,and were significantly different at the 4th week after treatment as compared with that before treatment(P<0.01).Subjective symptoms were improved 1 week from starting treatment among all the cases.The adverse events were mainly gastrointestinal irritation,occurring in 7/200 cases(3.5%).Conclusion:Jianpi Shengxue Tablet is quite effective and safe in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia,with rapid comprehensive improvement of anemia-related symptoms and increase of hemoglobin and red blood cell parameters.