To investigate the inhibitory effect of Huangqi Baoxin decoction on ventricular remodeling and endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptosis in rats with chronic heart failure.Methods:Sixty healthy male SD rats were selected for the study，and then randomly divided into a intervention group，a control group and a model group，with 20 rats in each.The rats in the intervention group and the model group were treated with sham surgery.After successful modeling，Huangqi Baoxin Decoction was given to the intervention group，and rats in the model group and control group were injected with equal amount of saline.Cardiac function，levels of serum NT-proBNP and ST2，apoptosis rate of cardiomyocytes，expression levels of bcl-2，Bax and caspase-3 were compared after 4 weeks of intervention among the three groups.Results:The levels of LVEF，FS and SV in the model group were significantly lower than those in the control group，while the levels of LVESD and LVEDD were significantly higher than those in the control group; The levels of LVEF，FS and SV in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the model group，and the levels of LVESD and LVEDD were significantly lower than those in the model group(P<0.05).The levels of NT-proBNP and ST2 in the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group，while the levels of NT-proBNP and ST2 in the intervention group were significantly lower than those in the model group(P<0.05).The apoptosis rate of cardiomyocytes in the model group was significantly higher than that in the control group，while that in the intervention group was significantly lower than that in the model group(P<0.05).The expression level of bcl-2 protein in the model group was significantly lower than that in the control group，while the expression level of Bax and caspase-3 protein was significantly higher than that in the control group.The expression level of bcl-2 protein in rats in the intervention group was significantly higher than that in the model group，and the expression level of Bax and caspase-3 protein was significantly lower than that in the model group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Huangqi Baoxin decoction can inhibit ventricular remodeling and endoplasmic reticulum stress apoptosis in rats with chronic heart failure，and its main mechanism may be associated with the expression of bcl-2，Bax and caspase-3 in myocardium.