Pharmaceutical excipient oil has many important functions in the pharmaceutical process of Traditional Chinese medicine,such as forming,acting as carrier,improving stability,solubilizing and helping to dissolve,which may affect the quality,safety and effectiveness of the preparation.The variety of pharmaceutical excipient oil,the similarity and difference of composition,and the quality are all related to the effectiveness and safety of the preparation,so it is necessary to study the quality of pharmaceutical excipient oil.And near infrared spectroscopy is an important technology for the detection of drugs and food,with rapid,non-destructive,good identification ability,can achieve rapid and accurate sample analysis.Therefore,this paper reviews the application of NIR spectroscopy in the detection of pharmaceutical excipient oils,such as category identification,adulteration analysis and quality detection,such as product oil index determination,chemical composition content determination,storage oil and frying oil quality detection.