To study the protective effects of Shixiao Powder on hypoxia glucose deprivation reperfusion(OGD/R) of BV2 cells model and explore the potential mechanism.Methods:BV2 cells were divided into a control group，a model group and a Shixiao Powder group.In Shixiao Powder group，BV2 cells were pretreated with different concentrations(1，10，20，50，100 μg/mL) for 2 h.BV2 cells in the control group were cultured normally without drug administration and OGD; BV2 cells in the model group were not treated with OGD at the same time as Shixiao Powder group.After hypoxia，reperfusion 24 h after hypoxia，and the cells and their supernatant were collected.The BV2 cell viability were examined by CCK-8; the apoptosis BV2 cells were observed by flow cytometry; the mRNA and protein expression of TNF-α，IL-6，NLRP3 inflammasome and related proteins(Caspase-1，IL-1β，IL-18) in BV2 cells were detected by real-time quantitative PCR and ELISA.Results:CCK-8 assay showed that there were no significant changes in BV2 cell viability with different concentrations of Shixiao Powder.Compared with the model group，the apoptosis ratio of BV2 cells increased significantly(P<0.01)，while high concentration Shixiao Powder markedly reduced the apoptosis of BV2 cells(P<0.05).The results of qPCR and ELISA demonstrated that the mRNA and protein expression of TNF-α，IL-6，NLRP3 inflammasome and related proteins in BV2 cells evidently decreased in Shixiao Powder treatment group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Shixiao Powder can alleviate the damage of BV2 cells induced by hypoxia glucose deprivation reperfusion and the expression of NLRP3.The underlying mechanism may be related to the regulation of inflammatory signal pathway mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome.