Abnormal regulation of apoptosis is an important factor for the occurrence and progression of leukemia,where anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2(Bcl-2) and pro-apoptotic protein Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax) play a key role in the regulation of leukemia cell apoptosis.Compared with the classic therapies with chemical drugs,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has irreplaceable advantages in the treatment of leukemia.Many Chinese herbal monomers,effective components,and Chinese medicinal compounds have strong anti-tumor activities.In recent years,the research on the mechanism of TCM in regulating the gene expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in leukemia cells has been frequently carried out in the field of medicine.