Venous thromboembolism(VTE) is a common complication and a major cause leading to mortality in cancer patients.Chemotherapy，surgery，central venous catheterization，and long-term immobilization are high-risk factors for VTE in cancer patients.Therefore，attention should be paid to the prevention of VTE in cancer patients and early intervention to reduce the occurrence of VTE and prolong the survival period.The present study discussed the prevention of VTE in cancer patients in recent years from risk assessment of VTE in cancer patients，western medicine prevention，and Chinese medicine prevention.