To study the effects of Aloe powder,Cannabis Fructus oil,and their compatibility on gastrointestinal mobility and water metabolism in mice with constipation.Methods:A total of 160 male Kunming mice were randomly divided into a blank group,a model group,a phenolphthalein tablet group,an Aloe powder group(0.15 g/kg),a Cannabis Fructus oil group(0.33 g/kg),a low-dose compatibility group(0.075 g/kg Aloe powder+0.165 g/kg Cannabis Fructus oil),a medium-dose compatibility group(0.15 g/kg Aloe powder+0.33 g/kg Cannabis Fructus oil),and a high-dose compatibility group(0.3 g/kg Aloe powder+0.66 g/kg Cannabis Fructus oil).After 14 days of administration,the mouse model of intestinal peristalsis inhibition was established by intragastric administration of compound diphenoxylate tablets.The ink propelling rate in the small intestine of mice was calculated,and the levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT),substance P(SP),and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP) in the serum were measured.The pathological changes in colon tissues were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE) staining.Results:Compared with the blank group,the model group had a significantly lower intestinal ink propulsion rate,lower 5-HT and SP levels,and a significantly higher VIP level in the serum.The atrophy of colonic mucosal epithelial cells and goblet cells was observed in the model group,and the mucosal thickness was significantly reduced(P<0.05).As compared with the model group,the small intestine ink propulsion rate of each treatment group was significantly increased(P<0.05).The level of 5-HT in the serum of the phenolphthalein tablet group,Aloe powder group,and low,medium,and high-dose compatibility groups was significantly increased(P<0.05).The level of SP in the serum of the phenolphthalein tablet group,Aloe powder group,Cannabis Fructus oil group,and medium and high-dose compatibility groups was significantly increased(P<0.001,P<0.01,P<0.05); the contents of VIP in serum of phenolphthalein tablets group,aloe vera leaf powder group and low,medium and high compatibility groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The level of VIP in the serum of the phenolphthalein tablet group,Aloe powder group,Cannabis Fructus oil group,and low,medium,and high-dose compatibility groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The epithelial cells and goblet cells of colon mucosa layer of mice in treatment groups were increased,and the thickness of colonic mucosa in the phenolphthalein tablet group and medium and high-dose compatibility groups was significantly increased(P<0.05).Conclusion:Aloe powder,Cannabis Fructus oil,and their compatibility can improve the symptoms of constipation,which may be related to the regulation of SP,5-HT,VIP,and other neurotransmitters in the serum,the regulation of water metabolism,and the increase of intestinal motility.