The etiology of ulcerative colitis(UC),as one of the refractory intestinal diseases,has not been fully illustrated.However,it has been confirmed that the imbalance of intestinal flora is closely related to UC.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) in the treatment of UC reflects the characteristics and advantages of overall regulation and treatment based on syndrome differentiation.UC can be treated by TCM by improving the structure,regulating the number,and recovering the homeostasis of intestinal flora.In addition,there are certain differences in intestinal flora in the context of UC of different TCM syndromes.The present study analyzed the characteristics of intestinal flora in UC of common TCM syndromes(dampness-heat in large intestine syndrome,spleen deficiency with dampness accumulation syndrome,yang deficiency in spleen and kidney syndrome,spleen qi deficiency syndrome,liver qi stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome,intermingled heat and cold syndrome,and blazing heat-toxin syndrome) and reviewed the research progress on TCM in regulating intestinal flora in UC,aiming to provide a basis for the microscopic syndrome differentiation of UC and the mechanism research of TCM in the treatment of UC.