Advanced lung cancer features diverse symptoms and complex pathogenesis.The general pathogenesis is deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality，and the former mainly refers to deficiency of lung and kidney.Professor Li Peiwen has a deep insight into the treatment of advanced lung cancer from lung and kidney.He thinks that the core pathogenesis of advanced lung cancer is deficiency of lung and kidney and accumulation of pathogenic toxin.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) emphasizes coordination of lung and kidney and regulating and tonifying of yin and yang.It adjusts the therapy based on the characteristics of western medicine treatment stage，complication stage，and recuperation stage，distinguishes the overall and local signs of advanced lung cancer，and applies medicinals according to the physiological characteristics of lung and kidney.This paper summarizes Professor Li Lao's academic thought of treating advanced lung cancer from the perspective of mutual promotion between lung and kidney and analyzes his treatment ideas for different stages，different parts，and different syndromes，as well as his experience in clinical prescription and medication.