To explore the mechanism of Xiao′er Yanbian Granule in the treatment of acute pharyngitis.Methods:Eight medicinal herbs in Xiao′er Yanbian Granule were selected as the research objects，and the chemical components of the medicinal herbs were screened by databases and literature review，with oral bioavailability and drug-likeness as limited conditions.Symmap was used to search the targets of the chemical components，and the proteins related to pharyngitis were searched in GeneCards and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man(OMIM) and then mapped with the targets.The targets of Xiao′er Yanbian Granule in the treatment of acute pharyngitis were obtained by mapping.Cytoscape 3.5.1 was used to construct the medicinal herb-chemical component network，medicinal herb-chemical component-target network and protein-protein interaction network.Venny 2.1 was employed to further study the mechanism of the sovereign medicinal herbs in Xiao′er Yanbian Granule，Flos Lonicerae Japonicae and Rhizoma Belamcandae，against pharyngitis.The Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) enrichment analysis of the mapped targets were performed using DAVID.Results:A total of 97 chemical components were screened from Xiao′er Yanbian Granule，and 107 targets were screened for the treatment of pharyngitis，among which kryptoxanthin，MYST4，ABCA1，RARA and RUNX1 were the core targets.The number of target proteins of Flos Lonicerae Japonicae in Xiao′er Yanbian Granule accounted for 41.5% of the total target proteins of the prescription in the treatment of pharyngitis.Conclusion:Xiao′er Yanbian Granule may play an anti-inflammatory role through the reaction to drugs and alcohol，negative regulation of apoptosis and positive regulation of transcription.The mechanism may be related to TNF，FoxO，PI3K/Akt，HIF-1，T cell receptor and other signaling pathways，among which kryptoxanthin，MYST4，ABCA1，RARA and RUNX1 may be the core targets for the therapeutic effect of Xiao′er Yanbian Granule.