To explore the active ingredients of Xianling Gubao Capsules(XLGB) and the underlying mechanism in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis(PMOP) based on bioinformatics and network pharmacology.Methods:The related targets of PMOP were obtained by bioinformatics，and network pharmacology was adopted to screen the active ingredients of XLGB and predict the targets.The relevant targets of XLGB in the treatment of PMOP were clarified，and the signaling pathways were enriched and analyzed to explore the molecular mechanism.In animal experiments，the ovariectomized SD model rats were administered with XLGB by gavage for three months.The bone density and serum reactive oxygen species(ROS) levels were detected，and the bone tissue apoptosis was detected by TUNEL staining.The expression levels of B-cell lymphoma 2(Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X protein(Bax) in bone tissues were determined by Western blot.Results:A total of 883 differentially expressed genes(DEGs) and 119 active ingredients of XLGB were screened out，and 1 734 target proteins were predicted.The analysis of 26 common targets of XLGB and PMOP showed that AKT1，NFKB1，BAX，and other targets played an important role in cell apoptosis，osteoclast differentiation，cAMP，AMPK，and other signaling pathways.In the XLGB group，bone density was significantly improved and the serum ROS level decreased.TUNEL staining showed that XLGB could reduce the apoptosis of bone tissues，increase the level of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2，and decrease the level of pro-apoptotic protein Bax.Conclusion:XLGB have multi-component and multi-target characteristics in the treatment of PMOP，which is closely related to the regulation of apoptosis.