To study the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) efficacy of Qingli Shire Prescription(QLSR) by establishing a rat model of internal retention of dampness-heat，to reveal its mechanism of lowing blood uric acid based on testing efficacy by syndrome.Methods:A total of 48 SD rats were randomized into blank group，model group，Simiao Pills group and QLSR low-，medium-and high-dose groups，with 8 in each group.A rat model of internal retention of dampness-heat was established by high-fat and high-sugar diet+free honey water+lard/alcohol every other day(ig).The general state of rats was observed.The serum heat shock protein 70(HSP70)，tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)，interleukin-1β(IL-1β)，gastrin(GAS)，immunoglobulin G(IgG)，immunoglobulin M(IgM)，plasma motilin(MTL) and Na+-K+-ATP in liver tissue were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The contents of aquaporin 3(AQP3) and aquaporin 4(AQP4) in gastrointestinal tissues were determined by immunohistochemistry.Western blot was used to detect the expressions of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB) p65 in colon tissues.Results:In the model group，body weight loss was observed(P<0.05，P<0.01); the levels of HSP70，TNF-α and IL-1β were increased(P<0.05，P<0.01，P<0.001); the expression of AQP3 was down-regulated(P<0.05)，while the expression of AQP4 was up-regulated(P<0.01，P<0.001); the content of GAS was lowered(P<0.01)，while the content of IgM was elevated(P<0.01); an increase was found in the expression of TLR4(P<0.01).QLSR increased the body weight of rats，down-regulated the levels of HSP70，TNF-α and IL-1β(P<0.05，P<0.01，P<0.001)，the expression of AQP4(P<0.05) and the content of IgM(P<0.05，P<0.01) and up-regulated the expression of AQP3(P<0.05，P<0.01，P<0.001) and the contents of GAS and Na+-K+-ATP(P<0.05，P<0.001).Conclusion:The syndrome model suitable for evaluating the internal retention of dampness-heat of hyperuricemia can be successfully established by high-fat and high-sugar diet+free honey water+lard/alcohol every other day(ig).QLSR improves the dampness-heat state of rats from the general state，body weight，heat shock protein，inflammatory factors，aquaporins，gastrointestinal hormones，immunity and other aspects，and exerts the effect of clearing dampness-heat.The prescription lowers blood uric acid，and its mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of TLR4 and NF-κB p65.