Yiqi Gubiao Pills have a definite therapeutic effect on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)，but the specific mechanism of action remains unclear.This study aimed to explore the therapeutic mechanism of Yiqi Gubiao Pills in the treatment of COPD in rats induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS) combined with cigarette smoke exposure.Methods:The COPD model was induced in rats by intratracheal instillation of LPS and cigarette smoke inhalation.Meanwhile，the model rats were treated with low-，medium-，or high-dose Yiqi Gubiao Pills for 14 days.The respiratory parameters and pulmonary histopathological changes were examined.The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was conducted to measure the levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor(IGF-1R)，interleukin(IL)-1β，and IL-10 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) and serum.Western blot was used to determine the phosphorylation of the components in the IGF-1R/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in the lung tissues of rats.Results:Compared with the control group and the low-dose Yiqi Gubiao Pills group，the high-dose Yiqi Gubiao Pills group showed significantly improved respiratory parameters，alleviated lung injury and inflammation，and reduced proinflammatory cytokine levels in BALF and serum of COPD rats.Furthermore，high-dose Yiqi Gubiao Pills could significantly reduce the protein levels of phosphorylated(p)-IGF-1R，p-PI3K，p-AKT，p-GSK3，and p-mTOR in the lung tissues of COPD rats.Conclusion:Yiqi Gubiao Pills have a definite therapeutic effect on COPD，and the mechanism may be related to targeting the IGF-1R/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.