Ulcerative colitis(UC) is a chronic non-specific inflammatory bowel disease with significant treatment limitations.Chinese herbal medicine，as a complementary approach，has the advantages of abundant and widely-used therapeutic methods with fewer side effects and has emerged as a new research hotspot in the treatment of UC in recent years.According to the research，the interaction effect of Chinese herbal medicine with gut microflora may be an important mechanism of Chinese herbal medicine in improving UC.The present study discussed the role of the interaction effect of Chinese herbal medicine with gut microflora in the treatment of UC，aiming to provide new research ideas and a scientific basis for the clinical application and development of Chinese herbal medicine in this field and the prevention and treatment of UC by traditional Chinese medicine.