To investigate the efficacy of thunder-fire moxibustion combined with ultrashort wave therapy in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis(syndrome of impediment caused by wind，cold and dampness) and the effects on the mRNA levels of anti-silencing function 1 homolog A(ASF1a) and sirtuin1(SIRT1) in the serum.Methods:A total of 130 patients with knee osteoarthritis(syndrome of impediment caused by wind，cold，and dampness) treated in the Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2018 to October 2019 were selected and assigned into control and observation groups(n=65) according to the random number table method.The control group was treated with ultrashort wave therapy，and the observation group additionally with thunder-fire moxibustion.The therapeutic effect，knee joint swelling degree，TCM symptom scores，and mRNA levels of SIRT1 and ASF1a in the serum were compared between the two groups.The adverse reactions and complications during the treatment period were recorded.Results:The observation group had higher response rate(90.3%)，lower visual analogue scale(VAS) score and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC)，more significant mitigation of knee joint swelling，and lower TCM symptom scores than the control group(P<0.01).The treatment in both groups up-regulated the mRNA level of SIRT1 and down-regulated the mRNA level of ASF1a，and the changes were more significant in the observation group(P<0.01).In addition，the observation group had lower incidence of adverse reactions than the control group.Conclusion:Thunder-fire moxibustion combined with ultrashort wave therapy can relieve the pain in the patients with knee osteoarthritis(syndrome of impediment caused by wind，cold，and dampness)，demonstrating significant efficacy and high safety.This therapy is therefore worthy of clinical promotion.