To observe the therapeutic effect of Sichen Zhike Granules on cough variant asthma(CVA) in rats.Methods:Rats were randomly assigned into a normal group，a model group，a dexamethasone(0.5 mg/kg) group，and low-，medium-，and high-dose Sichen Zhike Granules(1.8，3.6，and 7.2 g crude drug/kg) groups.The CVA model was established by intraperitoneal injection of ovalbumin(OVA) and aluminum hydroxide mixture+atomization of 1% OVA solution on day 15.The intervention was started on day 15 and lasted for 2 weeks.At the end of the experiment，the lung function of rats was examined.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was employed to determine the levels of immunoglobulin E(IgE) and eosinophil cationic protein(ECP) in the serum and the level of interleukin(IL) in the alveolar lavage fluid.Lung tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin(HE).Western blotting was employed to determine the protein levels of Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4) and nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) p65 in the lung tissue.Results:Compared with the normal group，the modeling increased the airway resistance(RI)，decreased the dynamic lung compliance(Cdyn)，elevated the levels of IgE and ECP in the serum，lowered the interferon-γ(IFN-γ) level and raised the IL-4 and IL-13 levels in the alveolar lavage fluid.Moreover，the modeling increased the pathological score and up-regulated the protein levels of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in the lung tissue(all P<0.05).Compared with the model group，Sichen Zhike Granules decreased RI，increased Cdyn，lowered the levels of IgE and ECP in the serum，elevated the IFN-γ level and lowered the IL-4 and IL-13 levels in the alveolar lavage fluid.Moreover，the intervention decreased the pathological score and up-regulated the protein levels of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in the lung tissue(all P<0.05).Conclusion:Sichen Zhike Granules can alleviate airway hyperresponsiveness and inhibit the development of airway inflammation in CVA rats by regulating the TLR4/NF-κB pathway.