To explore the effect of cryoablation combined with Chinese medicine and chemotherapy on the survival and quality of life of patients with stage ⅢB-Ⅳ non-small cell lung cancer.Methods:A multicenter retrospective cohort study was carried out.Patients with stage ⅢB-Ⅳ non-small cell lung cancer treated with cryoablation combined with Chinese medicine(n=133) or chemotherapy(n=40) were enrolled.The survival period of the patients in the two groups was compared and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted.Differences in laboratory tests and quality of life scores were analyzed to compare the effect of the two treatment modes on patients.Results:There was no statistically significant difference in the survival period between the cryoablation combined with the Chinese medicine group and the chemotherapy group.Conclusion:Cryoablation combined with Chinese medicine significantly improved the quality of life of patients and reduced adverse reactions as compared with chemotherapy.In this sense，cryoablation combined with Chinese medicine treatment may be a replacement for chemotherapy.