Cerebrospinal diseases，common nervous system diseases，seriously affect the life quality and safety of patients.This paper expounds the theory of brain-kidney coordination，and holds that the brain as the reservoir of marrow and the kidney governing the generation of marrow are closely related to each other.Therefore，deficiency of kidney essence and brain marrow is the major pathogenesis of cerebrospinal diseases，and thus supplementing essence and replenishing marrow is the basic method to treat such diseases.Alzheimer's disease，vascular dementia，and Parkinson's disease are clinically common diseases of the nervous system，and belong to the category of cerebrospinal diseases.Brain-kidney coordination is a theoretical basis for clinical differentiation of cerebrospinal diseases.Regarding the physiological functions and connection of brain and kidney，this theory suggests that brain-kidney coordination underpins the invigoration，emotion，intelligence，and behaviors.From the pathological point of view，it is considered that tonifying kidney and resolving stasis is the basic therapy for cerebrospinal diseases.According to the theory of brain-kidney coordination and the physiological functions and interactions of brain and kidney，we probed into the pathological basis of cerebrospinal diseases.With consideration to the common pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease，vascular dementia，and Parkinson's disease，we proposed treating different diseases with the same therapy，aiming provide a well-grounded unified method for the clinical treatment of cerebrospinal diseases.Furthermore，we shared typical cases.