To observe the effects of the Bushen Tianjing Prescription combined with western medicine on platelet(PLT) levels in patients with aplastic anemia(AA) and analyze the clinical factors influencing PLT.Methods:Seventy-nine AA patients from 19 participating centers，including Xiyuan Hospital and Guang'anmen Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences from September 2018 to March 2021 were enrolled.The patients received Bushen Tianjing Prescription combined with western medicine as the basic treatment.Each treatment course lasted three months，and the patients received two consecutive courses.The changes in PLT levels were observed，and the clinical factors of AA patients whose PLT increased from baseline and returned to normal and did not return to normal from baseline were analyzed.Results:After four months of treatment with Bushen Tianjing Prescription combined with western medicine，13 patients showed an increase in PLT levels that returned to normal，while 66 patients showed an increase in PLT levels but did not return to normal.General data analysis showed that the lower the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) syndrome score，the easier the PLT recovery to normal with the treatment of Bushen Tianjing Prescription combined with western medicine(P<0.05).Pre-treatment blood routine analysis results indicated that when the hemoglobin level was≥60 g/L and the reticulocyte percentage was<0.5%，the higher the neutrophil count，the treatment with the Bushen Tianjing Prescription combined with western medicine resulted in a higher chance of PLT recovery to normal(P<0.05).The analysis of pre-treatment T lymphocyte subsets showed that when CD3+CD19- was<60%，the treatment with the Bushen Tianjing Prescription combined with western medicine resulted in a higher chance of PLT recovery to normal(P<0.05).Conclusion:For AA patients，a lower TCM syndrome score，hemoglobin level≥60 g/L，higher neutrophil count，reticulocyte percentage<0.5%，and CD3+CD19- <60% are associated with a higher likelihood of PLT increase and recovery to normal with the treatment of Bushen Tianjing Prescription combined with western medicine(P<0.05).