To investigate the changes in serum short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs) and lung tissue G-protein-coupled receptor 43(GPR43) expression in a bronchial asthma young mouse model with early intervention of Yigong Powder through animal experiments to explore the mechanism of Yigong Powder in the prevention and treatment of asthma.Methods:Thirty-two 7-day-old female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a blank group，a model group，a Yigong Powder group，and a probiotics group(Clostridium butyricum).The asthma mouse model was established using ovalbumin(OVA) sensitization and challenge method.Serum levels of SCFAs and lung tissue GPR43 expression were detected.Results:Compared with the blank group，the model group showed increased acetic acid concentration(P>0.05)，decreased propionic acid and butyric acid concentrations in serum SCFAs(P>0.05)，and an increasing trend of the expression of lung tissue GPR43(P>0.05).Compared with the model group，the Yigong Powder group and the probiotics group showed increased acetic acid concentration(P>0.05)，decreased butyric acid concentration in serum SCFAs(P>0.05)，increased relative ratio of acetic acid in serum(P<0.05)，and reduced serum concentration and relative ratio of propionic acid(P<0.05).Lung tissue GPR43 expression in the Yigong Powder group was significantly higher than that in the model group(P<0.05)，but there was no significant correlation between serum acetic acid concentration and lung tissue GPR43 expression in mice(P>0.05).Conclusion:Early intervention with Yigong Powder may influence the SCFAs metabolism of the intestinal flora in asthma mice and upregulate the expression of GPR43 in lung tissue，but there is no significant correlation between these two factors.