To analyze the effects of Liuwei Dihuang Pills and Tongluo Jiunao Dropping Pills on the degradation of β-amyloid(Aβ) in the brain tissue of two mouse models of dementia with the syndromes of kidney essence insufficiency and toxin injuring brain collaterals，respectively.Methods:The two mouse models of dementia，SAMP8 mice and the SAMR1 mice injected with Aβ1-40 in the bilateral hippocampus areas，were used in this study.Morris water maze test was carried out to examine the behavioral differences of the two models.Immunohistochemistry was employed to examine the expression of Aβ in the hippocampus and cortex.Western blotting was employed to determine the protein levels of insulin-degrading enzyme(IDE)，low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1(LRP1)，and receptor for advanced glycation endproducts(RAGE) in the hippocampus and cortex.Results:The two dementia models showed differences in swimming speed，number of errors in passive avoidance，time in error zone，the protein levels of IDE and RAGE in the hippocampus and cortex，and the protein level of LRP1 in the hippocampus(P<0.05).Compared with model established by injection with Aβ1-40 in bilateral hippocampus areas，the SAMP8 mice showed reduced swimming speed and number of errors in passive avoidance，up-regulated protein level of RAGE and down-regulated protein levels of IDE and LRP1 in the brain tissue.Tongluo Jiunao Dropping Pills showed efficacy in terms of passive avoidance latency and the protein levels of IDE and RAGE in the hippocampus of the mice injected with Aβ1-40 in the hippocampus.Liuwei Dihuang Pills demonstrated efficacy in terms of the success rate of seeking platform，passive avoidance latency，the protein levels of IDE in the cortex and hippocampus，and the expression of Aβ in the hippocampus in SAMP8 mice.Conclusion:Liuwei Dihuang Pills and Tongluo Jiunao Dropping Pills can mitigate the impaired Aβ clearance in the mouse models dementia with the syndromes of kidney essence insufficiency and toxin injuring brain collaterals，respectively.