This study aims to study the distribution characteristics of TCM syndromes of patients with colon cancer in the perioperative period，analyze the significance of TCM syndrome classification of patients with colon cancer patients in the perioperative period，and provide a basis for the objective rationality of Chinese medicine intervention in patients with colon cancer in perioperative and postoperative periods.Methods:A total of patients with laparoscopic radical resection of colon cancer in the Department of Colorectal Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from March 2019 to September 2020 were recruited，and the distribution characteristics of TCM syndromes of patients with colon cancer in the perioperative period were summarized.The correlation among syndrome，tumor location，pathological type，differentiation degree，and clinical stage was analyzed.Results:There were significant differences between clinical stages and different TCM syndromes of patients with colon cancer in the perioperative period(P<0.05).In the early and middle stages(Ⅰ and Ⅱ stages)，the syndromes of excess and deficiency were the main type，and the accumulation of damp-heat was the most.In the middle and late stages(Ⅲ and Ⅳ stages)，the syndrome of deficiency was the main type，which was manifested by deficiency of qi and blood，deficiency of liver-yin and kidney-yin，and deficiency of spleen-yang and kidney-yang in turn.In the early postoperative period(Ⅰ and Ⅱ stages)，spleen deficiency with excessive dampness was the most common，followed by damp-heat accumulation.In the middle and late stages(Ⅲ and Ⅳ stages)，deficiency syndrome was the main type，and deficiency of both qi and blood was the most，followed by deficiency of liver-yin and kidney-yin and deficiency of spleen-yang and kidney-yang.There was no correlation between different TCM syndromes and tumor location，pathological type，and differentiation degree，with no statistical significance(P>0.05).Conclusion:During the perioperative period of colon cancer，the syndromes changed from preoperative excess syndrome to postoperative deficiency syndrome and from preoperative syndromes such as dampness and heat to postoperative syndromes such as deficiency of spleen-yang and kidney-yang and Qi-blood deficiency.The distribution of preoperative TCM syndromes is closely related to the clinical stage.Postoperative TCM syndrome changes are more closely related to the stress state of the body.