To monitor the dynamic changes in the ecological factors of Fritillaria unibracteata(FU)，one of the famous geoherbs produced in Sichuan，China.Methods:The tracing devices were installed in the wild environment and greenhouses，and the data were collected on the web platform and transmitted by the General Packet Radio Service(GPRS).Considering the biological characteristics of FU，the ecological factors(soil and air temperatures，humidity，soil moisture，light intensity，and barometric pressure) were compared for the FU growing at different altitudes and in different modes.Results:Ecological factors affected the quality of Chinese medicinal materials.The altitude was one of the main factors influencing the ecological factors of FU.The decline in the altitude corresponded to the increases in barometric pressure，humidity，and soil moisture and the weakening in light intensity.The FU cultivated in greenhouses showed significant responses to the changes in ecological factors，particularly the air temperature and light intensity.These changes may cause the morphological changes and affect the quality of FU.The ecological factors in the wild environment were more suitable for the growth of FU than those in greenhouses，as manifested by suitable companion plants and high soil moisture.To obtain high-quality FU，we suggest cultivating FU in suitable or wild environment.Conclusion:The real-time data of the ecological factors of FU can be acquired by the tracing devices installed in the wild environment and greenhouses.