To analyze the possible mechanism of Turkish gall ointment in treating eczema in rats.Methods:A total of 60 healthy SD rats were divided into normal group，model group，positive group(dexamethasone)，and low-，medium-，and high-dose Turkish gall ointment groups by random number table.Except for the normal group，all other groups were treated with 7% 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene(DNCB) and acetone solution by rubbing on the back and neck skin to establish an eczema rat model.After the model was successfully established，each group was given corresponding drugs for 14 consecutive days and samples were collected.Rat hematology was conducted by the kits.HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the skin tissues in the lesions of eczema rats.The expressions of IL-4Rα，IL-5，JAK1，and p-STAT6 in the skin were determined by immunohistochemistry(IHC).Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR) was performed to detect the expressions of PI3K and AKT genes in the skin.Results:The low-and high-dose Turkish gall ointment significantly reduced the MONO% in the blood of eczema rats，and the medium and high dose significantly reduced the EOS%.Turkish galls ointment improved the pathological characteristics of eczema rat skin，down-regulated the expressions of IL-4Rα，IL-5，JAK1，and p-STAT6 protein as well as PI3K and AKT genes in the skin.Conclusion:Turkish gall ointment is effective in treating eczema，and its mechanism may be related to affecting the JAK1/STAT6/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.