In recent years，prevention and treatment of hypertension by traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has received more and more attention from physicians.There are various methods for treating hypertension in TCM，and they have significant effects in alleviating symptoms and improving the quality of life of patients.In the prevention and treatment of hypertension by TCM，single-drug extracts，single drugs，compound prescriptions，and Chinese patent medicines are usually used to regulate blood pressure，which can lower blood pressure，protect target organs and relieve clinical symptoms.In conclusion，TCM prevention and treatment of hypertension mainly involves six major machanisms：improving endothelial function，inhibiting renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system(RAAS) activation，suppressing inflammatory response，reducing oxidative stress，improving insulin resistance(IR)，protecting target organs，and regulating intestinal flora and the metabolism.This paper is expected to provide new ideas and methods for the prevention and treatment of hypertension by TCM.