To study the improvement effect of Zhibao Sanbian Pill on adenine-induced kidney yang deficiency in rat model.Methods:A total of 98 SD rats were selected.Two hours after the last administration，the body weight of rats in each group was measured，and the testis coefficient，epididymis coefficient and seminal vesicle coefficient were also detected.The number，morphology and motility of spermatozoa were observed by microscope.Serum levels of estradiol(E2)，testosterone(T)，follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH)，luteinizing hormone(LH)，dopamine(DA)，5-hydroxytrypsin(5-HT) and norepinephrine(NE) were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Hematoxylin and eosin(HE) staining was used to observe the pathological changes of kidney，testis and epididymis.Masson staining was used to detect renal fibrosis.Results:Compared with the normal group，the Zhibao Sanbian groups had alleviated kidney yang deficiency，increased body weight，testis coefficient，epididymis coefficient and seminal vesicle coefficient，increased number of spermatozoa with low malformation，and enhanced motility.Additionally，the pathological changes of kidney，testis，epididymis and other reproductive organs as well as renal fibrosis were reduced.The prescription also lowered the contents of E2，FSH，LH，DA，NE and 5-HT，while increased T.Conclusion:Zhibao Sanbian Pill can improve the adenine-induced kidney yang deficiency in rat model based on the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal(HPG) axis，showing a good effect of tonifying kidney to strengthen yang.