Lumbar disc herniation(LDH) is a common orthopedic disease，with the main pathological basis of intervertebral disc degeneration，the degree of which can be reflected by the biological activity of intervertebral discs.Influenced by pathological factors，intervertebral disc cells can undergo accelerated aging，metabolic disorders，and dyshomeostasis of the intracellular environment，which lead to a decrease in their biological activity and further the occurrence of intervertebral disc degeneration.Currently，LDH is mainly treated with surgery and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.However，the surgical trauma and the side effects of the drugs have affected the clinical efficacy of these methods.Modern basic research has confirmed that Chinese medicines(single/compound) can treat LDH via multiple components，pathways，and targets.They can improve the biological activity，reduce stress response，inhibit the apoptosis，and promote the autophagy of intervertebral disc cells.Specifically，they can reduce inflammation，relieve pain，improve microcirculation，modulate the immune function，promote cartilage regeneration，and regulate the nervous system function to mitigate the clinical symptoms of LDH，demonstrating unique advantages in the treatment of LDH.