Osteoporosis，osteoarthritis，nonunion and lumbar disc herniation are common diseases or complications in the department of orthopedics.The influencing factors are multi-faceted.In addition to the treatment according to etiological factors and symptoms，personalized regulations and interventions are also needed in clinical treatment.Based on the theories of yin-yang and zang-xiang，the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) constitution is studying the overall physical condition and analyzing the nature and development trend of diseases，which has important guiding significance in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of TCM.The biased TCM constitution is often correlated with diseases，and targeted treatment for different biased constitutions can effectively improve the cure rate and reduce patients' pain.Based on the concept of “preventive treatment of disease”，active prevention for patients with high prevalence of diseases can reduce the incidence of diseases and improve the quality of life.We analyzed the influencing factors of orthopedic diseases，and reviewed the research status and guiding significance of TCM constitution theory in orthopedic diseases and enhanced recovery after surgery.