To study the features of goiter animal model and to provide reference for improving the success of goiter modeling and clinical coincidence.Methods:With goiter and animal model as the subject words，all the experimental journals published in China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)，China Science Periodical Database(CSPD)，Chinese Citation Database(CCD) and Pubmed from January 2000 to February 2022 were searched.Inductive analysis was performed on experimental animals，modeling methods，positive drugs，modeling time，detection indexes，etc.Results:A total of 149 journals were selected，and the main animal species were half male and female Wister rats and SD rats.Propylthiouracil by gavage and free drinking of low iodine feed were the most common modeling methods，and the main modeling time was 90 days and 14 days，with the longest being iodine deficiency goiter for 365 days.The detection indexes mainly included thyroid coefficient，serum T3，T4，TSH and thyroid tissue under light microscope.Conclusion:The existing animal models are usually established by single factors such as drugs and low iodine feed induction，and there is a lack of modeling and evaluation system integrating many factors，such as water restriction，diet control and low iodine diet.Though this is consistent with the pathogenic factors of goiter，in-depth research is needed.